Springs and Wells in the Zurbatiyah Area and the Possibility of Exploiting Them as a Tourist and Therapeutic Destination
Abstract
The geographical location of the study area is located to the east of Wasit Governorate and southeast of Diyala Governorate, eastern Iraq. Its astronomical location lies between longitudes 45°45'00" E and 46°15'00" E east and between latitudes 32°52'30" N and 33°30'00" N north.
Numerous springs and wells are found in this area, such as Shiraw, Al-Hashima, Wadi Al-Namur, Si Karan, Ain Maa Al-Ali, and Shurshirin (sweet salty).
Some geological formations are exposed, with ages extending from Oligocene to Pliocene - Pleistocene. They are (from oldest to youngest): Ibrahim, Al-Sarikani, Al-Furat, Al-Dhiban, Al-Jaribi, Al-Fatha, Al-Injana, Al-Muqdadiya, and finally the Bai Hassan Formation.
Geomorphologically, the study area can be divided into two parts: the first part includes the highlands in the eastern part of the region, while the second part represents the flatter, less undulating lands located within the alluvial plain. The highest and lowest points in the study area are (954) m and (21) m above sea level, respectively.
The area is characterized by a parallel drainage pattern, and it is clear that structural and lithological factors are the most influential factors leading to this pattern. The region is interspersed with fast-flowing seasonal streams with deep channels flowing south and southwest. All valleys in the study area dry up due to low rainfall.
Tectonically, the study area is located within the unstable platform of the Arabian Shield. Tectonic influences are clearly evident in the composition of the region, which is characterized by With its abundance of various convex and concave folds, as well as various faults and faults, numerous geological indicators have shown that the study area is recently tectonically active and that deformation is still ongoing.
The climate of the mapped area falls under arid and semi-arid conditions, characterized by hot, dry summers and relatively cold winters with little rainfall.
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